Mobility of Masculinity:

Masculinity faced new terrain and challenges in the Gilded Age. The rise of commercial culture and anxieties concerning the decline of virtue redrew the picture of masculinity from the Reconstruction Era image of the war hero to that of a refined gentleman. To accommodate these challenges etiquette books were written specifically for men which instructed them on how to conduct oneself in public to achieve success as well as at home to treat his wife and children. One such etiquette book, written in 1883, Gately’s Universal Educator, stated that “the true man is at all times, in all places, and under all circumstances, kind and courteous to all, he regards not only the rights but the wishes and feelings of others, is respectful to everyone, and is always ready to extend his aid and services to those who need them"[1].  Gately’s Universal Educator asserted that men should subdue their barbaric side by speaking quietly, dressing simply, and be courteous to all. An emphasis on this new image of a gentleman who “gained status by his achievements that reflected his character based on individuality, discipline, and hard work”[2]  allowed for the mobility of men economically, geographically, and socially which was crucial in the changing society of the Gilded Age.